-
1 facundus
fācundus, a, um, adj. [fari], that speaks with ease or fluency, eloquent (syn.: disertus, eloquens;I.loquax, dicax): qui facile fantur, facundi dicti,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 52 Müll. (not freq. till after the Aug. period; not in Cic. or Caes.; cf. facundia).Prop.:II.satis facundu's: sed jam fieri dictis compendium volo,
Plaut. Capt. 5, 2, 12: suavis homo, facundus, Enn. ap. Gell. 12, 4 (Ann. v. 250 ed. Vahl.); Sall. J. 95, 3: loquax magis quam facundus, id. ap. Quint. 5, 2, 2; and ap. Gell. 1, 15, 13:Mercuri, facunde nepos Atlantis,
Hor. C. 1, 10, 1:Ulixes,
Ov. M. 13, 92:facundum faciebat amor,
id. ib. 6, 469:Rufus, vir facundus,
Tac. H. 1, 8:facundus et promptus,
Suet. Calig. 53 et saep.— Comp.:in omnibus gentibus alius alio facundior habetur,
Quint. 12, 10, 44.— Sup.:facundissimus quisque,
Quint. 12, 2, 27.—Transf., of things:ut ingenia humana sunt ad suam cuique levandam culpam nimio plus facunda,
Liv. 28, 25 fin. (al. fecunda):lingua,
Hor. C. 4, 1, 35:ōs,
Ov. F. 5, 698:vox,
id. ib. 4, 245: Juv. 10, 274:Gallia,
id. 15, 111:facunda et composita oratio,
Sall. J. 85, 26:dictum,
Ov. M. 13, 127:versus,
Mart. 12, 43, 1:antiqua comoedia facundissimae libertatis,
Quint. 10, 1, 65.—Hence, adv.: fācunde, with eloquence, eloquently:nimis facete nimisque facunde mala es,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 4, 5:quamvis facunde loqui,
id. Trin. 2, 2, 99:alloqui,
Liv. 28, 18, 6:exsequi aliquid,
Tac. A. 12, 58:miseratur,
id. ib. 1, 39.— Sup.:describere locum,
Sen. Suas. 2 med.:accusare vitia,
Gell. 13, 8, 5. -
2 ā
ā (before consonants), ab (before vowels, h, and some consonants, esp. l, n, r, s), abs (usu. only before t and q, esp. freq. before the pron. te), old af, praep. with abl., denoting separation or departure (opp. ad). I. Lit., in space, from, away from, out of. A. With motion: ab urbe proficisci, Cs.: a supero mari Flaminia (est via), leads: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun: usque a mari supero Romam proficisci, all the way from; with names of cities and small islands, or with domo, home (for the simple abl; of motion, away from, not out of, a place); hence, of raising a siege, of the march of soldiers, the setting out of a fleet, etc.: oppidum ab Aeneā fugiente a Troiā conditum: ab Alesiā, Cs.: profectus ab Orico cum classe, Cs.; with names of persons or with pronouns: cum a vobis discessero: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, i. e. from his house, T.; (praegn.): a rege munera repudiare, from, sent by, N.— B. Without motion. 1. Of separation or distance: abesse a domo paulisper maluit: tum Brutus ab Romā aberat, S.: hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat, Cs.: a foro longe abesse: procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt, Cs.: cum esset bellum tam prope a Siciliā; so with numerals to express distance: ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo, eight miles distant, Cs.: ab milibus passuum minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off, Cs.; so rarely with substantives: quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, so far away, Cs.— 2. To denote a side or direction, etc., at, on, in: ab sinistrā parte nudatis castris, on the left, Cs.: ab eā parte, quā, etc., on that side, S.: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, Cs.: ab decumanā portā castra munita, at the main entrance, Cs.: crepuit hinc a Glycerio ostium, of the house of G., T.: (cornua) ab labris argento circumcludunt, on the edges, Cs.; hence, a fronte, in the van; a latere, on the flank; a tergo, in the rear, behind; a dextro cornu, on the right wing; a medio spatio, half way.— II. Fig. A. Of time. 1. Of a point of time, after: Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus, immediately after, Cs.: ab eo magistratu, after this office, S.: recens a volnere Dido, fresh from her wound, V.: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine, i. e. after leaving, L.: ab his, i. e. after these words, hereupon, O.: ab simili <*>ade domo profugus, i. e. after and in consequence of, L.— 2. Of a period of time, from, since, after: ab hora tertiā bibebatur, from the third hour: ab Sullā et Pompeio consulibus, since the consulship of: ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumum annum, since, S.: augures omnes usque ab Romulo, since the time of: iam inde ab infelici pugnā ceciderant animi, from (and in consequence of), L.; hence, ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first: ab integro, anew, afresh: ab... ad, from (a time)... to: cum ab horā septimā ad vesperum pugnatum sit, Cs.; with nouns or adjectives denoting a time of life: iam inde a pueritiā, T.: a pueritiā: a pueris: iam inde ab incunabulis, L.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, L.: ab parvulis, Cs.— B. In other relations. 1. To denote separation, deterring, intermitting, distinction, difference, etc., from: quo discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem: propius abesse ab ortu: alter ab illo, next after him, V.: Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus, next in rank to, H.: impotentia animi a temperantiā dissidens: alieno a te animo fuit, estranged; so with adjj. denoting free, strange, pure, etc.: res familiaris casta a cruore civili: purum ab humano cultu solum, L.: (opoidum) vacuum ab defensoribus, Cs.: alqm pudicum servare ab omni facto, etc., II.; with substt.: impunitas ab iudicio: ab armis quies dabatur, L.; or verbs: haec a custodiis loca vacabant, Cs.— 2. To denote the agent, by: qui (Mars) saepe spoliantem iam evertit et perculit ab abiecto, by the agency of: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro: si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, at Caesar's hands, Cs.: vetus umor ab igne percaluit solis, under, O.: a populo P. imperia perferre, Cs.: equo lassus ab indomito, H.: volgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus? by whose hands and upon whose orders? factus ab arte decor, artificial, O.: destitutus ab spe, L.; (for the sake of the metre): correptus ab ignibus, O.; (poet. with abl. of means or instr.): intumuit venter ab undā, O.—Ab with abl. of agent for the dat., to avoid ambiguity, or for emphasis: quibus (civibus) est a vobis consulendum: te a me nostrae consuetudinis monendum esse puto.— 3. To denote source, origin, extraction, from, of: Turnus ab Ariciā, L.: si ego me a M. Tullio esse dicerem: oriundi ab Sabinis, L.: dulces a fontibus undae, V.—With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping (cf. a parte), from, on the part of: a quo quidem genere, iudices, ego numquam timui: nec ab Romanis vobis ulla est spes, you can expect nothing from the Romans, L.; (ellipt.): haec a servorum bello pericula, threatened by: quem metus a praetore Romano stimulabat, fear of what the praetor might do, L.—With verbs of paying, etc., solvere, persolvere, dare (pecuniam) ab aliquo, to pay through, by a draft on, etc.: se praetor dedit, a quaestore numeravit, quaestor a mensā publicā, by an order on the quaestor: ei legat pecuniam a filio, to be paid by his son: scribe decem (milia) a Nerio, pay by a draft on Nerius, H.; cognoscere ab aliquā re, to know or learn by means of something (but ab aliquo, from some one): id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse, Cs.; in giving an etymology: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, L.—Rarely with verbs of beginning and repeating: coepere a fame mala, L.: a se suisque orsus, Ta.— 4. With verbs of freeing from, defending, protecting, from, against: ut a proeliis quietem habuerant, L.: provincia a calamitate est defendenda: sustinere se a lapsu, L.— 5. With verbs and adjectives, to define the respect in which, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of: orba ab optimatibus contio: mons vastus ab naturā et humano cultu, S.: ne ab re sint omissiores, too neglectful of money or property, T.: posse a facundiā, in the matter of eloquence, T.; cf. with laborare, for the simple abl, in, for want of: laborare ab re frumentariā, Cs.— 6. In stating a motive, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: patres ab honore appellati, L.: inops tum urbs ab longinquā obsidione, L.— 7. Indicating a part of the whole, of, out of: scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto, Cs.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).— 8. Marking that to which anything belongs: qui sunt ab eā disciplinā: nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt.— 9. Of a side or party: vide ne hoc totum sit a me, makes for my view: vir ab innocentiā clementissimus, in favor of.—10. In late prose, of an office: ab epistulis, a secretary, Ta. Note. Ab is not repeated with a following pron interrog. or relat.: Arsinoën, Stratum, Naupactum... fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc. It is often separated from the word which it governs: a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo: a minus bono, S.: a satis miti principio, L.—The poets join a and que, making āque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.): aque Chao, V.: aque mero, O.—In composition, ab- stands before vowels, and h, b, d, i consonant, l, n, r, s; abs- before c, q, t; b is dropped, leaving as- before p; ā- is found in āfuī, āfore ( inf fut. of absum); and au- in auferō, aufugiō.* * *IAh!; (distress/regret/pity, appeal/entreaty, surprise/joy, objection/contempt)IIby (agent), from (departure, cause, remote origin/time); after (reference)IIIante, abb. a.in calendar expression a. d. = ante diem -- before the day
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3 admodum
ad-mŏdum, adv. [modus], prop., to the measure or limit (scarcely found in the poets, except the comic poets);I. (α).as, postea ubi occipiet fervere, paulisper demittito, usque admodum dum quinquies quinque numeres,
quite to the limit till you count, until you count, Cato, R. R. 156, 2 (like fere and omnino, freq. put after its word).— Hence,With adj.:(β).admodum causam gravem,
Lucil. 29, 19 Müll.:admodum antiqui,
Cic. Phil. 5, 47:admodum amplum et excelsum,
id. Verr. 4, 74:utrique nostrum gratum admodum feceris,
id. Lael. 4, 16; so id. Verr. 2, 3, 10:nec admodum in virum honorificum,
Liv. 6, 34, 8:in quo multum admodum fortunae datur,
Cic. Fin. 5, 5, 12:neque admodum sunt multi,
Nep. Reg. 1, 1:admodum magnis itineribus,
Caes. B. G. 7, 56:admodum pauci,
Cic. Phil. 3, 36; 14, 27; id. N. D. 3, 69; Tac. G. 18:pauci admodum,
Liv. 10, 41:iter angustum admodum,
Sall. J. 92:admodum nimia ubertas,
very excessive, Col. 4, 21:admodum dives,
Suet. Caes. 1:brevis admodum,
id. ib. 56.—And strengthened by quam, q. v. (only before and after the class. per.):hic admodum quam saevus est,
very cruel indeed, Plaut. Am. 1, 3, 43:voce admodum quam suavi,
Gell. 19, 9 (on this use of quam, cf. Rudd. II. p. 307, n. 15).—With part. adj.:(γ).admodum iratum senem,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 1, 13:iratum admodum,
id. Ad. 3, 3, 49:natio admodum dedita religionibus,
Caes. B. G. 6, 16:prorae admodum erectae,
id. ib. 3, 13:admodum mitigati,
Liv. 1, 10:munitus admodum,
Tac. A. 2, 80:admodum fuit militum virtus laudanda,
Caes. B. G. 5, 8.—Esp. is it joined (like komidêi in Dem.) with words denoting age; as, puer, adulescens, juvenis, senex, to enhance the idea (for which in some cases the dim. or the prefix per- is used;as, puellus, adulescentulus, peradulescentulus): Catulus admodum tum adulescens,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 7, 21; id. Off. 2, 13, 47; Tac. A. 1, 3:puer admodum,
Liv. 31, 28; Sen. Brev. Vit. 7, 3; Quint. 12, 6, 1:admodum infans,
Tac. A. 4, 13:juvenis admodum,
id. H. 4, 5:fratres admodum juvenes,
Curt. 7, 2, 12:admodum senex,
Eutr. 8, 1:admodum parvulus,
Just. 17, 3:non admodum grandem natu,
Cic. Sen. 4, 10.— Also with dim.: neque admodum adulescentulus est, Naev. ap. Sergium ad Don. Keil, Gr. Lat. IV. p. 559 (Rib. Com. Fragm. p. 11):hic admodum adulescentulus est,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90; so Nep. Ham. 1, 1 (cf. peradulescentulus, id. Eum. 1, 4), and Tac. A. 4, 44.—With verbs (in earlier Latin, mostly with delectare, diligere, placere): haec anus admodum frigultit, Enn. ap. Fulg. p. 175:(δ).irridere ne videare et gestire admodum,
Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 125:neque admodum a pueris abscessit,
Naev. Rib. Com. Fragm. p. 11:me superiores litterae tuae admodum delectaverunt,
Cic. Fam. 5, 19; id. Att. 7, 24:ejus familiarissimos, qui me admodum diligunt,
id. Fam. 4, 13:stomacho admodum prodest,
Plin. 20, 3, 7, § 13:bucinum pelagio admodum adligatur,
id. 9, 38, 62, § 134:(familia) ipsa admodum floruit,
Suet. Tib. 3:Marius auctis admodum copiis... vicit,
Flor. 1, 36, 13 Halm.—With adv.:II. A.haec inter nos nuper notitia admodum est,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 1: si quando demersimus, aut nihil superum aut obscure admodum cernimus, Cic. Ac. ap. Non. 7, 57: acipenser, qui admodum raro capitur, id. de Fato ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:raro admodum admonitu amicorum... uti solebat,
Curt. 4, 13, 25:ubi satis admodum suorum animos est expertus,
Liv. 34, 13, 4 Weissenb. (Hertz cancels satis): quae maxime admodum oratori accommodata est, Auct. ad Her. 4, 12, 17 (Oudendorp regarded this as a mere pleonasm, and Hand seems to agree with him; Klotz and B. and K. adopt after Goerenz the reading maxime ad modum oratoris, but Hand condemned this form).—Of number (not used in this way by Cic., Tac., or Suet.): noctu turres admodum CXX. excitantur, full 120, Caes. B. G. 5, 40: sex milia hostium caesa;► The meaning, circiter, fere, about, near, or nearly, which used to be assigned to this head, as by Graevius ad Just.quinque admodum Romanorum,
Liv. 22, 24. 14; 42, 65, 3;44, 43, 8: mille admodum hostium utràque pugnā occidit,
id. 27, 30, 2:in laevo cornu Bactriani ibant equites, mille admodum,
a round thousand, Curt. 4, 12, 3: mille admodum equites praemiserat, quorum paucitate Alexander, etc., a thousand, but not more (as the context requires), id. 4, 9, 24:congregati admodum quingenti sponsos hostes consectantur, trucidatisque admodum novem milibus, etc.,
Just. 24, 1.24, 26, Gronovius ad Liv. 27, 30, 2, is rejected by recent scholars, as Hand, Turs. I. p. 175 sq., and by Corradini, Lex. Lat. s. h. v.B.Of time:C.legati ex Macedonia exacto admodum mense Februario redierunt,
when February was fully ended, Liv. 43, 11, 9:Alexandri filius, rex Syriae, decem annos admodum habens,
just ten years, Liv. Epit. 55:post menses admodum septem occiditur,
Just. 17, 2, 3.—With negatives, just, at all, absolutely:D.equestris pugna nulla admodum fuit,
no engagement with the cavalry at all, Liv. 23, 29, 14:armorum magnam vim transtulit, nullam pecuniam admodum,
id. 40, 59, 2:horunc illa nibilum quidquam facere poterit admodum,
Plaut. Merc. 2, 3, 65:Curio litterarum admodum nihil sciebat,
Cic. Brut. 58, 210:oratorem plane quidem perfectum et cui nihil admodum desit, Demosthenem facile dixeris,
id. 9, 35: alter non multum, alter nihil admodum scripti reliquit (by the latter is meant Antonius, who indeed, acc. to Brut. 44, 163, left a treatise de ratione dicendi, but no written oration at all, by which his eloquence could be judged), id. Or. 38, 132; id. Clu. 50, 140; id. Or. 2, 2, 8; eirôneia a tropo genere ipso nihil admodum distat, Quint. 9, 2, 44;quia nihil admodum super vite aut arbore colenda sciret,
Gell. 19, 12. —In emphatic affirmative or corroborative answers, = maxime (Gr. panu ge), exactly, just so, quite so, certainly, yes (freq. in Plaut., only twice in Ter.); cf. the remark of Cic.: scis solere, frater, in hujusmodi sermone, ut transiri alio possit, dici Admodum aut Prorsus ita est, Leg. 3, 11, 26: nempe tu hanc dicis, quam esse aiebas dudum popularem meam. Tr. Admodum, Certainly, Plaut. Rud. 4, 4, 36: num quidnam ad filium haec aegritudo attinet? Ni. Admodum, It does, id. Bacch. 5, 1, 24; 4, 1, 40; id. Rud. 1, 5, 10; 1, 2, 55; 3, 6, 2; id. Ps. 4, 7, 54: Advenis modo? Pa. Admodum, Yes, Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 8; id. Phorm. 2, 2, 1.► Admodum with an adj.may have the same force as in II., in:quandam formam ingenii, sed admodum impolitam et plane rudem,
absolutely without polish and altogether rude, Cic. Brut. 85, 294, compared with:(oratorem) plane perfectum et cui nihil admodum desit,
id. ib. 9, 35, where the same adverbs occur. -
4 orans
ōro, āvi, ātum, 1 (orassis for oraveris, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 63), v. a. and n. [1. os, to speak]:I.oro ab ore,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 76 Müll.In gen. (so obsol.):II.orare antiquos dixisse pro agere testimonio est, quod oratores dicti et causarum actores et qui rei publicae mandatas causas agebant,
Fest. p. 198 Müll.:bonum aequumque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 151:talibus orabat Juno,
Verg. A. 10, 96.—In partic.A.To treat, argue, plead (as an ambassador, advocate, etc.; class., but very rare; cf.2.ago): REM VBI PAGVNT ORATO, Fragm. XII. Tab.: matronis ipsis, quae raptae erant, orantibus,
i. e. at their mediation, Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:causam capitis,
to argue, plead, id. Brut. 12, 47:orandae litis tempus accommodare,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43:si causa oranda esset,
Liv. 39, 40, 6:causas melius,
Verg. A. 6, 849:cum eo de salute suā agit, orat atque obsecrat,
treats, speaks, Caes. B. C. 1, 22:causam dixit et ipse pro se oravit,
plead his own cause, Liv. 39, 40, 12.—Of oratorical speaking, eloquence (freq. in Quint.): ars orandi, the oratorical art, art of oratory, Quint. prooem. § 4; id. 2, 15, 20; 9, 4, 3:B.orandi scientia,
id. 1, 10, 2:orandi studium,
id. 9, 4, 110; 8, 6, 20.—To pray, beg, beseech, entreat one (the predom. signif. in all periods and styles; syn.: rogo, obsecro, obtestor, supplico, precor); constr. usually with acc. of the pers. and of the thing, and with ut, ne (the less freq. constructions, v. infra).(α).With acc. of the pers. and of the thing:(β).illud te ad extremum et oro et hortor, ut, etc.,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 46:multa deos orans,
Verg. A. 9, 24:aliquem libertatem,
Suet. Vesp. 16.—With acc. of the pers. only: virginem orare, Liv. Andron. ap. Diom. p. 379 P: cum desubito me orat mulier, Enn. ap. Non. 517, 15 (Cax. v. 9 Vahl.); cf.:(γ).socer Non orandus erat, sed vi faciendus Erechtheus,
not to be entreated, but compelled, Ov. M. 6, 701:Lydia, dic, per omnes Te deos oro, Sy barin cur properes amando perdere,
Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.—With acc. of the thing for which one asks:(δ).gnato uxorem,
to request a wife for one's son, Ter. And. 3, 2, 48:legati Romam missi, auxilium ad bellum orantes,
to ask assistance, Liv. 21, 6:opem rebus affectis orantes,
id. 6, 9:auxilia,
Tac. A. 2, 46.—With ut: rogat oratque te Chrysogone, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:(ε).te, C. Flave, oro et obtestor, ut, etc.,
id. Planc. 42, 104:te etiam atque etiam oro, ut, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 1, 2:hoc me a vobis orare Juppiter jussit, ut, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 64.—With subj.:(ζ).orant, ignoscamus peccatum suum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 101:et vocet oro,
Verg. A. 11, 442:idque sinas, oro,
Ov. P. 4, 1, 19.—With ne:(η).rogat eos atque orat, ne, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 96:quod te, Aesculapi, et te, Salus, ne quid sit hujus, oro,
Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 3.—With the imper.:(θ).absiste inceptis, oro,
Sil. 11, 336.— With imper. and acc. of person, Verg. A. 2, 143; 4, 319; 10, 61 and 905.—With inf. or an object-clause:(ι).jampridem a me illos abducere Thestylis orat,
Verg. E. 2, 43; id. A. 6, 313; 9, 231; Tac. A. 6, 2; 12, 9:vel Aegypti praefecturam concedi sibi oraret,
Suet. Ner. 47.—With ab and abl. of a person, followed by ut or ne:(κ).primum hoc abs te oro, ni me inexorabilem faxis,
Pac. Tr. 122:oravitque a suis, ut, etc.,
Gell. 17, 10, 7:oratus ab Artorio, ne in castris remaneret,
Vell. 2, 70, 1.—With cum aliquo: quod tecum pater orat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 198 Müll. (Ann. v. 20 Vahl.):(λ).si is mecum oraret,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 15:tecum oro et quaeso, ut,
id. Curc. 3, 1, 62:egi, atque oravi tecum, uxorem ut duceres,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 64; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 22; cited above, II. A.—With pro and the abl.:b.nec pro civibus se orare, sed pro, etc.,
Just. 11, 4, 4:ut Octavius orandus sit pro salute cujusquam civis,
Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2; cf.:ut pro illā ores, ut sit propitius (deus),
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 38.—Oro te, I pray thee, prithee, parenthetically, a formula of politeness (cf. quaeso):C.dic. oro te, clarius,
Cic. Att. 4, 8, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 7, 1; Liv. 5, 5, 1; cf. Cic. Att. 7, 16, 3.—To pray, to supplicate God (eccl. Lat.); act.:oravit Dominum,
Vulg. Judic. 13, 8:orationem quam orat,
id. 3 Reg. 8, 29; id. 2 Par. 6, 21:filios, id. Job, 19, 17: Deum,
id. Ecclus. 50, 24:orationes longas,
id. Matt. 23, 14.—More often neutr.:pro te,
Vulg. Gen. 20, 7:ut audias,
id. ib. 43, 20:in loco isto,
id. 3 Reg. 8, 30:contra viam civitatis,
id. ib. 8, 44:ad Dominum,
id. 4 Reg. 4, 33:cum lacrimis,
id. Tob. 3, 1:unus orans et unus maledicens,
id. Ecclus. 34, 29:spiritu et mente,
id. 1 Cor. 14, 15:mulierem decalvatam orare non decet,
Ambros. in Luc. 6, § 19:orandi gratia,
Lact. 4, 15, 20.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: ōrans, antis, m., an orator:orantes,
Tac. Dial. 6, 6. -
5 oro
ōro, āvi, ātum, 1 (orassis for oraveris, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 63), v. a. and n. [1. os, to speak]:I.oro ab ore,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 76 Müll.In gen. (so obsol.):II.orare antiquos dixisse pro agere testimonio est, quod oratores dicti et causarum actores et qui rei publicae mandatas causas agebant,
Fest. p. 198 Müll.:bonum aequumque oras,
Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 151:talibus orabat Juno,
Verg. A. 10, 96.—In partic.A.To treat, argue, plead (as an ambassador, advocate, etc.; class., but very rare; cf.2.ago): REM VBI PAGVNT ORATO, Fragm. XII. Tab.: matronis ipsis, quae raptae erant, orantibus,
i. e. at their mediation, Cic. Rep. 2, 7, 13:causam capitis,
to argue, plead, id. Brut. 12, 47:orandae litis tempus accommodare,
id. Off. 3, 10, 43:si causa oranda esset,
Liv. 39, 40, 6:causas melius,
Verg. A. 6, 849:cum eo de salute suā agit, orat atque obsecrat,
treats, speaks, Caes. B. C. 1, 22:causam dixit et ipse pro se oravit,
plead his own cause, Liv. 39, 40, 12.—Of oratorical speaking, eloquence (freq. in Quint.): ars orandi, the oratorical art, art of oratory, Quint. prooem. § 4; id. 2, 15, 20; 9, 4, 3:B.orandi scientia,
id. 1, 10, 2:orandi studium,
id. 9, 4, 110; 8, 6, 20.—To pray, beg, beseech, entreat one (the predom. signif. in all periods and styles; syn.: rogo, obsecro, obtestor, supplico, precor); constr. usually with acc. of the pers. and of the thing, and with ut, ne (the less freq. constructions, v. infra).(α).With acc. of the pers. and of the thing:(β).illud te ad extremum et oro et hortor, ut, etc.,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 16, § 46:multa deos orans,
Verg. A. 9, 24:aliquem libertatem,
Suet. Vesp. 16.—With acc. of the pers. only: virginem orare, Liv. Andron. ap. Diom. p. 379 P: cum desubito me orat mulier, Enn. ap. Non. 517, 15 (Cax. v. 9 Vahl.); cf.:(γ).socer Non orandus erat, sed vi faciendus Erechtheus,
not to be entreated, but compelled, Ov. M. 6, 701:Lydia, dic, per omnes Te deos oro, Sy barin cur properes amando perdere,
Hor. C. 1, 8, 2.—With acc. of the thing for which one asks:(δ).gnato uxorem,
to request a wife for one's son, Ter. And. 3, 2, 48:legati Romam missi, auxilium ad bellum orantes,
to ask assistance, Liv. 21, 6:opem rebus affectis orantes,
id. 6, 9:auxilia,
Tac. A. 2, 46.—With ut: rogat oratque te Chrysogone, ut, etc., Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:(ε).te, C. Flave, oro et obtestor, ut, etc.,
id. Planc. 42, 104:te etiam atque etiam oro, ut, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 1, 2:hoc me a vobis orare Juppiter jussit, ut, etc.,
Plaut. Am. prol. 64.—With subj.:(ζ).orant, ignoscamus peccatum suum,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 101:et vocet oro,
Verg. A. 11, 442:idque sinas, oro,
Ov. P. 4, 1, 19.—With ne:(η).rogat eos atque orat, ne, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 39, § 96:quod te, Aesculapi, et te, Salus, ne quid sit hujus, oro,
Ter. Hec. 3, 2, 3.—With the imper.:(θ).absiste inceptis, oro,
Sil. 11, 336.— With imper. and acc. of person, Verg. A. 2, 143; 4, 319; 10, 61 and 905.—With inf. or an object-clause:(ι).jampridem a me illos abducere Thestylis orat,
Verg. E. 2, 43; id. A. 6, 313; 9, 231; Tac. A. 6, 2; 12, 9:vel Aegypti praefecturam concedi sibi oraret,
Suet. Ner. 47.—With ab and abl. of a person, followed by ut or ne:(κ).primum hoc abs te oro, ni me inexorabilem faxis,
Pac. Tr. 122:oravitque a suis, ut, etc.,
Gell. 17, 10, 7:oratus ab Artorio, ne in castris remaneret,
Vell. 2, 70, 1.—With cum aliquo: quod tecum pater orat, Enn. ap. Fest. p. 198 Müll. (Ann. v. 20 Vahl.):(λ).si is mecum oraret,
Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 15:tecum oro et quaeso, ut,
id. Curc. 3, 1, 62:egi, atque oravi tecum, uxorem ut duceres,
Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 64; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 22; cited above, II. A.—With pro and the abl.:b.nec pro civibus se orare, sed pro, etc.,
Just. 11, 4, 4:ut Octavius orandus sit pro salute cujusquam civis,
Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2; cf.:ut pro illā ores, ut sit propitius (deus),
Plaut. As. 4, 1, 38.—Oro te, I pray thee, prithee, parenthetically, a formula of politeness (cf. quaeso):C.dic. oro te, clarius,
Cic. Att. 4, 8, 1; Sen. Vit. Beat. 7, 1; Liv. 5, 5, 1; cf. Cic. Att. 7, 16, 3.—To pray, to supplicate God (eccl. Lat.); act.:oravit Dominum,
Vulg. Judic. 13, 8:orationem quam orat,
id. 3 Reg. 8, 29; id. 2 Par. 6, 21:filios, id. Job, 19, 17: Deum,
id. Ecclus. 50, 24:orationes longas,
id. Matt. 23, 14.—More often neutr.:pro te,
Vulg. Gen. 20, 7:ut audias,
id. ib. 43, 20:in loco isto,
id. 3 Reg. 8, 30:contra viam civitatis,
id. ib. 8, 44:ad Dominum,
id. 4 Reg. 4, 33:cum lacrimis,
id. Tob. 3, 1:unus orans et unus maledicens,
id. Ecclus. 34, 29:spiritu et mente,
id. 1 Cor. 14, 15:mulierem decalvatam orare non decet,
Ambros. in Luc. 6, § 19:orandi gratia,
Lact. 4, 15, 20.—Hence, P. a. as subst.: ōrans, antis, m., an orator:orantes,
Tac. Dial. 6, 6. -
6 ars
ars, artis, f. [v. arma], skill in joining something, combining, working it, etc., with the advancement of Roman culture, carried entirely beyond the sphere of the common pursuits of life, into that of artistic and scientific action, just as, on the other hand, in mental cultivation, skill is applied to morals, designating character, manner of thinking, so far as it is made known by external actions (syn.: doctrina, sollertia, calliditas, prudentia, virtus, industria, ratio, via, dolus).I. A.Lit.:B.Zeno censet artis proprium esse creare et gignere,
Cic. N. D. 2, 22, 57:quarum (artium) omne opus est in faciendo atque agendo,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 22; id. Off. 2, 3, 12 sq.—Transf.1.With the idea extended, any physical or mental activity, so far as it is practically exhibited; a profession, art ( music, poetry, medicine, etc.); acc. to Roman notions, the arts were either liberales or ingenuae artes, arts of freemen, the liberal arts; or artes illiberales or sordidae, the arts, employments, of slaves or the lower classes.a.In gen.:b.Eleus Hippias gloriatus est nihil esse ullā in arte rerum omnium, quod ipse nesciret: nec solum has artes, quibus liberales doctrinae atque ingenuae continerentur, geometriam, musicam, litterarum cognitionem et poëtarum, atque illa, quae de naturis rerum, quae de hominum moribus, quae de rebus publicis dicerentur, sed anulum, quem haberet, pallium, quo amictus, soccos, quibus indutus esset, se suā manu confecisse,
Cic. de Or. 3, 32, 127:Jam de artificiis et quaestibus, qui liberales habendi, qui sordidi sint, haec fere accepimus. Primum improbantur ii quaestus, qui in odia hominum incurrunt, ut portitorum, ut feneratorum. Illiberales autem et sordidi quaestus mercenariorum omniumque, quorum operae, non artes emuntur: est enim in illis ipsa merces auctoramentum servitutis... Opificesque omnes in sordidā arte versantur... Quibus autem artibus aut prudentia major inest aut non mediocris utilitas quaeritur, ut medicina, ut architectura, ut doctrina rerum honestarum, hae sunt iis, quorum ordini conveniunt, honestae,
Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150 sq.; cf. id. Fam. 4, 3:artes elegantes,
id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:laudatae,
id. de Or. 1, 3, 9:bonae,
Ov. Tr. 3, 7, 32:optimae,
Cic. Fin. 2, 34, 111:magnae,
id. Or. 1, 4:maximae,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:gravissimae,
id. Fin. 2, 34, 112:leviores artes,
id. Brut. 1, 3:mediocres,
id. de Or. 1, 2, 6:omnis artifex omnis artis,
Vulg. Apoc. 18, 22:artifices omnium artium,
ib. 1 Par. 22, 15.—Esp., of a single art, and,(α).With an adj. designating it:(β).ars gymnastica,
gymnastics, Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 73:ars duellica,
the art of war, id. Ep. 3, 4, 14:ars imperatoria,
generalship, Quint. 2, 17, 34:(artes) militares et imperatoriae,
Liv. 25, 9, 12:artes civiles,
politics, Tac. Agr. 29:artes urbanae,
i. e. jurisprudence and eloquence, Liv. 9, 42:ars grammatica,
grammar, Plin. 7, 39, 40, § 128:rhetorica,
Quint. 2, 17, 4:musica,
poetry, Ter. Hec. prol. 23:musica,
music, Plin. 2, 25, 23, § 93:medicae artes,
the healing art, medicine, Ov. H. 5, 145; so,ars Apollinea,
id. Tr. 3, 3, 10:magica,
Verg. A. 4, 493, and Vulg. Sap. 17, 7; so,maleficis artibus inserviebat,
he used witchcraft, ib. 2 Par. 33, 6 al.—With a gen. designating it:2.ars disserendi,
dialectics, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 157:ars dicendi,
the art of speaking, id. ib. 1, 23, 107, and Quint. 2, 17, 17; so,ars eloquentiae,
id. 2, 11, 4:ars medendi,
Ov. A. A. 2, 735:ars medentium,
Stat. S. 5, 1, 158:medicorum ars,
Vulg. 1 Par. 16, 12:pigmentariorum ars,
the art of unguents, ib. 2 Par. 16, 4:ars armorum,
the art of war, Quint. 2, 17, 33:ars pugnae,
Vulg. Judith, 5, 27; so in plur.:belli artes,
Liv. 25, 40, 5:ars gubernandi,
navigation, Cic. Div. 1, 14, 24; Quint. 2, 17, 33; so,ars gubernatoris,
Cic. Fin. 1, 13, 42.—Sometimes the kind of art may be distinguished by the connection, so that ars is used absol. of a particular art:instruere Atriden num potes arte meā? i. e. arte sagittandi,
Ov. H. 16, 364:tunc ego sim Inachio notior arte Lino, i. e. arte canendi,
Prop. 3, 4, 8:fert ingens a puppe Notus: nunc arte (sc. navigandi) relictā Ingemit,
Stat. Th. 3, 29; so Luc. 7, 126; Sil. 4, 715:imus ad insignes Urbis ab arte (sc. rhetoricā) viros,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 16:ejusdem erat artis, i. e. artis scaenofactoriae,
Vulg. Act. 18, 3.—Science, knowledge:C. 1.quis ignorat, ii, qui mathematici vocantur, quantā in obscuritate rerum et quam reconditā in arte et multiplici subtilique versentur,
Cic. de Or. 1, 3, 10:nam si ars ita definitur, ex rebus penitus perspectis planeque cognitis atque ab opinionis arbitrio sejunctis, scientiāque comprehensis, non mihi videtur ars oratoris esse ulla,
id. ib. 1, 23, 108: nihil est quod ad artem redigi possit, nisi ille prius, qui illa tenet. quorum artem instituere vult, habeat illam scientiam (sc. dialecticam), ut ex iis rebus, quarum ars nondum sit, artem efficere possit, id. ib. 1, 41, 186:ars juris civilis,
id. ib. 1, 42, 190:(Antiochus) negabat ullam esse artem, quae ipsa a se proficisceretur. Etenim semper illud extra est, quod arte comprehenditur... Est enim perspicuum nullam artem ipsam in se versari, sed esse aliud artem ipsam, aliud, quod propositum sit arti,
id. Fin. 5, 6, 16; id. ad Q. Fr. 1, 1, 9; id. Cael. 30, 72; id. Or. 1, 4:vir bonus optimisque artibus eruditus,
Nep. Att. 12, 4: ingenium docile, come, ap-tum ad artes optimas, id. Dion, 1, 2 al.—The theory of any art or science: ars est praeceptio, quae dat certam viam rationemque faciendi aliquid, Auct. ad Her. 1, 1;a.Asper, p. 1725 P.: non omnia, quaecumque loquimur, mihi videntur ad artem et ad praecepta esse revocanda,
not every thing is to be traced back to theory and rules, Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 44: res mihi videtur esse facultate ( in practice) praeclara, arte ( in theory) mediocris;ars enim earum rerum est, quae sciuntur: oratoris autem omnis actio opinionibus, non scientiā continetur,
id. ib. 2, 7, 30; id. Ac. 2, 7, 22.—In later Lat. ars is used,Absol. for grammatical analysis, grammar:b.curru non, ut quidam putant, pro currui posuit, nec est apocope: sed ratio artis antiquae, etc.,
Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 156; 1, 95: et hoc est artis, ut (vulgus) masculino utamur, quia omnia Latina nomina in us exeuntia, si neutra fuerint, tertiae sunt declinationis, etc., id. ad eund. ib. 1, 149: secundum artem dicamus honor, arbor, lepor: plerumque poëtae r in s mutant, id. ad eund. ib. 1, 153 al.—Hence also,As a title of books in which such theories are discussed, for rhetorical and, at a later period, for grammatical treatises.(α).Rhetorical:(β).quam multa non solum praecepta in artibus, sed etiam exempla in orationibus bene dicendi reliquerunt!
Cic. Fin. 4, 3, 5:ipsae rhetorum artes, quae sunt totae forenses atque populares,
id. ib. 3, 1, 4: neque eo dico, quod ejus (Hermagorae) ars mihi mendosissime scripta videatur; nam satis in eā videtur ex antiquis artibus ( from the ancient works on rhetoric) ingeniose et diligenter electas res collocāsse, id. Inv. 1, 6 fin.:illi verbis et artibus aluerunt naturae principia, hi autem institutis et legibus,
id. Rep. 3, 4, 7:artem scindens Theodori,
Juv. 7, 177.—Grammar:2.in artibus legimus superlativum gradum non nisi genitivo plurali jungi,
Serv. ad Verg. A. 1, 96: ut in artibus lectum est, id. ad eund. ib. 1, 535.—So Ars, as the title of the later Lat. grammars: Donati Ars Grammatica, Cledonii Ars, Marii Victorini Ars, etc.; v. the grammarians in Gothofred., Putsch., Lindem., Keil.—The knowledge, art, skill, workmanship, employed in effecting or working upon an object (Fr. adresse):3.majore quādam opus est vel arte vel diligentiā,
Cic. Ac. 2, 14 fin.:et tripodas septem pondere et arte pares,
Ov. H. 3, 32: qui canit arte, canat;qui bibit arte, bibat,
id. A. A. 2, 506:arte laboratae vestes,
Verg. A. 1, 639:plausus tunc arte carebat,
was void of art, was natural, unaffected, Ov. A. A. 1, 113.—(Concr.) The object artistically formed, a work of art:4.clipeum efferri jussit Didymaonis artis,
Verg. A. 5, 359:divite me scilicet artium, Quas aut Parrhasius protulit aut Scopas,
Hor. C. 4, 8, 5; id. Ep. 1, 6, 17.—Artes (personified), the Muses:II.artium chorus,
Phaedr. 3, prol. 19.—Transf. from mind to morals, the moral character of a man, so far as it is made known by actions, conduct, manner of acting, habit, practice, whether good or bad:si in te aegrotant artes antiquae tuae,
your former manner of life, conduct, Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 35; cf. Hor. C. 4, 15, 12; Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 6 Lind.:nempe tuā arte viginti minae Pro psaltriā periere,
Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 24:quid est, Quod tibi mea ars efficere hoc possit amplius?
my assiduity, id. And. 1, 1, 4:Hac arte (i. e. constantiā, perseverantiā) Pollux et vagus Hercules Enisus arces attigit igneas,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 9:multae sunt artes (i. e. virtutes) eximiae, hujus administrae comitesque virtutis (sc. imperatoris),
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 13; id. Fin. 2, 34, 115; id. Verr. 2, 4, 37 Zumpt:nam imperium facile his artibus retinetur, quibus initio partum est,
Sall. C. 2, 4 Kritz; so id. ib. 5, 7:cultusque artesque virorum,
Ov. M. 7, 58:mores quoque confer et artes,
id. R. Am. 713: praeclari facinoris aut artis [p. 167] bonae famam quaerere, Sall. C. 2, 9; so id. ib. 10, 4:animus insolens malarum artium,
id. ib. 3, 4; so Tac. A. 14, 57.—Hence also, absol. in mal. part. as in Gr. technê for cunning, artifice, fraud, stratagem:haec arte tractabat virum,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 125 (cf. Ov. H. 17, 142):capti eādem arte sunt, quā ceperant Fabios,
Liv. 2, 51; 3, 35:at Cytherea novas artes, nova pectore versat Consilia,
Verg. A. 1, 657; so id. ib. 7, 477:ille dolis instructus et arte Pelasgā,
id. ib. 2, 152:talibus insidiis perjurique arte Sinonis Credita res, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 195:fraudes innectere ponto Antiquā parat arte,
Luc. 4, 449:tantum illi vel ingenii vel artis vel fortunae superfuit,
Suet. Tit. 1:fugam arte simulantes,
Vulg. Jud. 20, 32: regem summis artibus pellexit, pasêi mêchanêi, Suet. Vit. 2. -
7 amnis
amnis, is, m. ( fem., Plaut. Merc. 5, 2, 18; Naev. and Att. ap. Non. 191, 33; Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 9; cf. Prisc. pp. 652 and 658 P.; Rudd. I. p. 26, n. 37; Schneid. Gram. 2, 98; abl. regularly amne;I.but freq. amni in the poets,
Verg. G. 1, 203; 3, 447; Hor. S. 1, 10, 62; Col. R. R. 10, 136;also in prose,
Liv. 21, 5; 21, 27 al.; cf. Prisc. p. 766; Rhem. Pal. 1374 P.; Rudd. I. p. 85, n. 85) [qs. for apnis from Sanscr. ap = water; n. plur. āpas. Van.; v. aqua], orig., any broad and deep-flowing, rapid water; a stream, torrent, river (hence, esp. in the poets, sometimes for a rapidly-flowing stream or a torrent rushing down from a mountain = torrens; sometimes for a large river, opp. fluvius (a common river); sometimes also for the ocean as flowing round the land; it most nearly corresponds with our stream; in prose not often used before the histt. of the Aug. per.; in Cic. only in Aratus and in his more elevated prose; never in his Epistt.).Lit.: acervos altā in amni, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 178 Rib.: apud abundantem antiquam amnem et rapidas undas Inachi, Att. ap. Non. 192, 4 (Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.):II.Sic quasi amnis celeris rapit, sed tamen inflexu flectitur,
Naev. Trag. Rel. p. 12 Rib.; Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 15:molibus incurrit validis cum viribus amnis,
Lucr. 1, 288 (v. the whole magnificent description, 1, 282- 290):Nilus unicus in terris, Aegypti totius amnis,
id. 6, 714:ruunt de montibus amnes,
Verg. A. 4, 164:amnes magnitudinis vastae,
Sen. Q. N. 3, 19.—Also in distinction from the sea:cum pontus et amnes cuncti invicem commeant,
Sen. Q. N. 4, 2.—On the contr. of the ocean, acc. to the Gr. Ôkeanos potamos (Hom. Od. 11, 639):Oceani amnis,
the ocean-stream, Verg. G. 4, 233:quā fluitantibus undis Solis anhelantes abluit amnis equos,
Tib. 2, 5, 60: Nox Mundum caeruleo laverat amne rotas, id. 3, 4, 18 al.—Transf.A.Poet., of the constellation Eridanus:B.Eridanum cernes funestum magnis cum viribus amnem,
Cic. Arat. 145 (as a transl. of the Gr. leipsanon Êridanoio, poluklaustou potamoio, Arat. Phaenom. 360): Scorpios exoriens cum clarus fugerit amnis, Germanic. Arat. 648; cf. id. ib. 362. —Also poet. and in post-class. prose, any thing flowing, liquid, Verg. A. 12, 417; 7, 465:C.amnis musti,
Pall. 11, 14, 18.—Of a writer, whose eloquence is thus compared to a flowing stream (v. flumen, II. B. and fluo, II. 2. B. 1.): alter (Herodotus) sine ullis salebris quasi sedatus amnis (i. e. a noiseless stream flowing on in majestic size and fulness) fluit;D.alter (Thucydides) incitatior fertur,
Cic. Or. 12, 39.—Like flumen, as abstr., a current, stream: secundo amni, down or with the stream, Verg. G. 3, 447:adverso amne,
up the stream, Curt. 10, 1 al. -
8 elinguis
ē-linguis, e, adj. [lingua].I.Lit., deprived of a tongue, Aus. Ep. 23, 14; Cassiod. Hist. Eccl. 6, 15.—II.Transf.A.In gen., speechless, Cic. Fl. 10, 22; Liv. 10, 19 (with mutus); id. post Red. 3, 7 (with mutus and tacitus); Gell. 5, 1, 9.—B. -
9 Piso
1.pīso, āre and ĕre, v. pinso.2. 3.Pīso, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Calpurnia;II.v. Calpurnius,
Cic. Font. 13, 39; Juv. 5, 109.—Hence,Pīsōnĭ-ānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Piso, Pisonian:Pisoniana conjuratio,
Suet. Ner. 36: Pisoniano vitio, cum loqui nesciret, tacere non potuit (with reference to Cic. Pis. 1, 1, where Cicero charges Piso with lack of eloquence), Hier. Ep. 69, 2. -
10 piso
1.pīso, āre and ĕre, v. pinso.2. 3.Pīso, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Calpurnia;II.v. Calpurnius,
Cic. Font. 13, 39; Juv. 5, 109.—Hence,Pīsōnĭ-ānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Piso, Pisonian:Pisoniana conjuratio,
Suet. Ner. 36: Pisoniano vitio, cum loqui nesciret, tacere non potuit (with reference to Cic. Pis. 1, 1, where Cicero charges Piso with lack of eloquence), Hier. Ep. 69, 2. -
11 Pisonianus
1.pīso, āre and ĕre, v. pinso.2. 3.Pīso, ōnis, m., a Roman surname in the gens Calpurnia;II.v. Calpurnius,
Cic. Font. 13, 39; Juv. 5, 109.—Hence,Pīsōnĭ-ānus, a, um, adj., of or belonging to a Piso, Pisonian:Pisoniana conjuratio,
Suet. Ner. 36: Pisoniano vitio, cum loqui nesciret, tacere non potuit (with reference to Cic. Pis. 1, 1, where Cicero charges Piso with lack of eloquence), Hier. Ep. 69, 2. -
12 fax
fax facis, f [1 FAC-], a torch, firebrand, flambeau, link: faces de muro eminus iaciebant, Cs.: faces undique ex agris conlectae, L.: ambulare cum facibus, H.: faces iam accensas ad urbis incendium exstinxi: ardens: faces ferro inspicare, V.: dilapsa in cineres fax, H.: arcana, i. e. carried in the Eleusinian mysteries, Iu.— A nuptial-torch (carried in the wedding procession): novas incide faces, tibi ducitur uxor, V.: face nuptiali digna, i. e. of marriage, H.: nuptiales: maritae, O.— A funeral-torch (with which the pyre was kindled): Funereas rapuere faces, V.—As an attribute of Cupid, the torch of love, O., Tb., Pr.—As an attribute of the Furies, the torch of wrath: madefacta sanguine, O.—Of the heavenly bodies, a light, orb: Phoebi fax, C. poët.— A fiery meteor, fire-ball, shooling-star, comet: visae nocturno tempore faces: Stella facem ducens, i. e. a torch-like train, V.: stellae, a comet, L.: faces visae ardere sub astris, meteors, O.—Fig., a torch, light: facem praeferre pudendis, i. e. make deeds of shame conspicuous, Iu.: studii mei, guide, O.: adulescentulo ad libidinem facem praeferre.— A torch, fire, flame, incitement, stimulus, cause of ruin, destruction: corporis facibus inflammari ad cupiditates: me torret face mutuā Calais, flame of love, H.: dicendi faces, flaming eloquence: subicere faces invidiae alicuius: inde faces ardent (a dote), Iu.: Antonius incendiorum, instigator: belli, L.* * *torch, firebrand, fire; flame of love; torment -
13 terror
terror ōris, m [2 TER-], great fear, affright, dread, alarm, terror, panic: iniecto terrore mortis: homines terrore repellere: hostibus terrorem inferre, Cs.: reddit inlatum antea terrorem, L.: qui modo terrori fuerant, L.: tantus repente terror invasit, ut, etc., Cs.: sic terrore oblato a ducibus, Cs.: tantumque terrorem incussere patribus, ut, etc., L.: si tantus habet mentīs et pectora terror, V.: ingentem Galli terrorem memoriā pristinae cladis attulerant, L.: arcanus, secret dread, Ta.: totius anni fructus uno belli terrore amittitur, apprehension of war: externus, i. e. dread of foreign enemies, L.: servilis, dread of the slaves, L. — An object of fear, cause of alarm, terror, dread: duobus huius urbis terroribus depulsis: caelestes maritimique terrores, frightful occurrences, L.: ingens hostium (i. e. chariots armed with scythes), Cu.— Frightful reports, terrible news: non mediocres terrores iacit: miros terrores ad me attulit, bugbears: Romam tanti terrores erant adlati, ut, etc., L.—Of eloquence, tremendous power: (Periclis) vis dicendi terrorque.* * *terror, panic, alarm, fear -
14 forensis
fŏrensis, e, adj. [forum], of or belonging to the market or forum, public, forensic:oratio judicialis et forensis,
i. e. delivered in the forum, Cic. Or. 51, 170; cf.:Thucydides hoc forense, concertatorium, judiciale non tractavit genus,
id. Brut. 83, 287:genus (dicendi) remotum a judiciis forensique certamine,
id. Or. 61, 208:rhetorica,
id. Fin. 2, 6, 17:dictio,
id. Brut. 78, 272; cf.:species,
id. Planc. 12, 29:in omnibus publicis privatis, forensibus domesticis, tuis amicorum negotiis,
id. Fam. 5, 8 fin.:res (opp. domesticae litterae),
id. Or. 43 fin.:sententia (opp. domestica),
id. Fin. 2, 24, 77:Marte forensi florere,
i. e. eloquence, Ov. P. 4, 6, 29: vestitu forensi ad portam est egressus, i. e. in his out-of-door dress (opp. to housedress), Liv. 33, 47 fin.; cf.:ut vestitum, sic sententiam habeas aliam domesticam, aliam forensem,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 77:tutores constituuntur... feminis, propter forensium rerum ignorantiam,
Ulp. Fragm. 11, 1.— Absol.:forensia,
dress of state, Suet. Aug. 73; id. Calig. 17:a natura comparata est opera mulieris ad domesticam diligentiam, viri ad exercitationem forensem et extraneam,
Col. 12 praef. § 4.— Subst.:rusticus, forensis, negotiator, miles, navigator, medicus, aliud atque aliud efficiunt,
a public pleader, advocate, Quint. 5, 10, 27.— Plur., Vitr. 6, 5, 2.—With an odious access. notion: ex eo tempore in duas partes discessit civitas: aliud integer populus, fautor et cultor bonorum, aliud forensis factio tenebat, the market-place party or faction, i. e. worthless persons who hung about the market-places, Liv. 9, 46, 13; Quint. 12, 1, 25. -
15 mutum
mūtus, a, um, adj. [root mu-, to shut; Sanscr. mūkas, dumb; Gr. mutis, muaô; cf. Lat. mussare], dumb, mute (class.; cf.: infans, elinguis).I.Lit., that does not speak, silent.—Of creatures who do not possess the faculty of speech, and can utter only inarticulate sounds:II.pecudes,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 24:bestiae,
id. Fin. 1, 21, 71:agna,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 219:armenta,
Stat. Th. 5, 334:animalia,
Juv. 8, 56:satius est mutum esse quam quod nemo intellegat dicere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:subjugale, animal,
Vulg. 2 Pet. 2, 16:vere dici potest, magistratum legem esse loquentem, legem autem mutum magistratum,
Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 2: papae! Jugularas hominem: quid ille? Thr. Mutus illico, he was struck speechless, was silent, could not say a word more, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 27:ad mandata mancus est, caecus, mutus,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 45: mutum dices, you shall call me dumb, i. e. I will not say a word, id. Heaut. 4, 4, 26:omnis pro nobis gratia muta fuit,
has not spoken a word, Ov. P. 2, 7, 52:mutus aspectus miserorum lacrimas movet,
Quint. 6, 1, 26:numquam vox est de te mea muta,
i. e. I have never ceased to praise thee, Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 17:dolore lyra est,
id. H. 15, 198:spiritus,
which makes one mute, Vulg. Marc. 9, 16; 9, 24.—Of that which utters no sound, dumb, mute, silent:tintinnabulum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 163:imago,
Cic. Cat. 3, 5:mare,
the silent sea, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 69:consonantes,
which cannot be pronounced alone, mutes, Quint. 1, 4, 6: artes, the plastic arts, arts of design, opp. to eloquence, Cic. de Or. 3, 7; also, artes, the silent arts, i. e. which do not concern themselves with language, as medicine, Verg. A. 12, 397:scientia,
i. e. which does not impart the power of speaking, Quint. 5, 10, 119:instrumentum fundi,
i. e. wagons, carts, Varr. R. R. 1, 17:magistri,
i. e. books, Gell. 14, 2, 1:lapides,
that say nothing, have no inscriptions on them, Hyg. de Lim. p. 156 Goes.: muta exta dicuntur, quibus nihil divinationis aut deorum responsi inesse animadvertunt, contra adjutoria, quae certum aliquid eventurum indicant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 157 Müll.:simulacra muta,
dumb idols, Vulg. 1 Cor. 12, 2.—Transf., of places where no sound is heard, silent, still:A.mutum forum, elinguem curiam, tacitam et fractam civitatem videbatis,
Cic. post Red. 1, 3:solitudo,
id. Mil. 19:spelunca,
Stat. Ach. 1, 239.—Of times:nullum fuit tempus, quod magis debuerit mutum esse a litteris,
in which nothing should have been written, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1:silentia noctis,
the deep silence of night, Ov. M. 7, 184.—Of things of which nothing is said:mutum aevum,
not celebrated, unsung, Sil. 3, 579.—As subst.mūtus, i, m., a dumb person, a mute (ante- and postclass): Char. Quin taces? Eut. Muto imperas, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 26: sicut mutus, Vulg. [p. 1182] Psa. 38, 13:B.aperta erit lingua mutorum,
id. Isa. 35, 6; Lact. 4, 15, 8:mutum neque stipulari neque promittere posse palam est,
Gai. Inst. 3, 105.— -
16 mutus
mūtus, a, um, adj. [root mu-, to shut; Sanscr. mūkas, dumb; Gr. mutis, muaô; cf. Lat. mussare], dumb, mute (class.; cf.: infans, elinguis).I.Lit., that does not speak, silent.—Of creatures who do not possess the faculty of speech, and can utter only inarticulate sounds:II.pecudes,
Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 8, § 24:bestiae,
id. Fin. 1, 21, 71:agna,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 219:armenta,
Stat. Th. 5, 334:animalia,
Juv. 8, 56:satius est mutum esse quam quod nemo intellegat dicere,
Cic. Phil. 3, 9, 22:subjugale, animal,
Vulg. 2 Pet. 2, 16:vere dici potest, magistratum legem esse loquentem, legem autem mutum magistratum,
Cic. Leg. 3, 1, 2: papae! Jugularas hominem: quid ille? Thr. Mutus illico, he was struck speechless, was silent, could not say a word more, Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 27:ad mandata mancus est, caecus, mutus,
Plaut. Merc. 3, 4, 45: mutum dices, you shall call me dumb, i. e. I will not say a word, id. Heaut. 4, 4, 26:omnis pro nobis gratia muta fuit,
has not spoken a word, Ov. P. 2, 7, 52:mutus aspectus miserorum lacrimas movet,
Quint. 6, 1, 26:numquam vox est de te mea muta,
i. e. I have never ceased to praise thee, Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 17:dolore lyra est,
id. H. 15, 198:spiritus,
which makes one mute, Vulg. Marc. 9, 16; 9, 24.—Of that which utters no sound, dumb, mute, silent:tintinnabulum,
Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 163:imago,
Cic. Cat. 3, 5:mare,
the silent sea, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 69:consonantes,
which cannot be pronounced alone, mutes, Quint. 1, 4, 6: artes, the plastic arts, arts of design, opp. to eloquence, Cic. de Or. 3, 7; also, artes, the silent arts, i. e. which do not concern themselves with language, as medicine, Verg. A. 12, 397:scientia,
i. e. which does not impart the power of speaking, Quint. 5, 10, 119:instrumentum fundi,
i. e. wagons, carts, Varr. R. R. 1, 17:magistri,
i. e. books, Gell. 14, 2, 1:lapides,
that say nothing, have no inscriptions on them, Hyg. de Lim. p. 156 Goes.: muta exta dicuntur, quibus nihil divinationis aut deorum responsi inesse animadvertunt, contra adjutoria, quae certum aliquid eventurum indicant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 157 Müll.:simulacra muta,
dumb idols, Vulg. 1 Cor. 12, 2.—Transf., of places where no sound is heard, silent, still:A.mutum forum, elinguem curiam, tacitam et fractam civitatem videbatis,
Cic. post Red. 1, 3:solitudo,
id. Mil. 19:spelunca,
Stat. Ach. 1, 239.—Of times:nullum fuit tempus, quod magis debuerit mutum esse a litteris,
in which nothing should have been written, Cic. Att. 8, 14, 1:silentia noctis,
the deep silence of night, Ov. M. 7, 184.—Of things of which nothing is said:mutum aevum,
not celebrated, unsung, Sil. 3, 579.—As subst.mūtus, i, m., a dumb person, a mute (ante- and postclass): Char. Quin taces? Eut. Muto imperas, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 26: sicut mutus, Vulg. [p. 1182] Psa. 38, 13:B.aperta erit lingua mutorum,
id. Isa. 35, 6; Lact. 4, 15, 8:mutum neque stipulari neque promittere posse palam est,
Gai. Inst. 3, 105.— -
17 orator
ōrātor, ōris, m. [oro, one who speaks].I.A speaker, orator (very common in all periods and styles of writing):B.eum (oratorem) puto esse, qui et verbis ad audiendum jucundis et sententiis ad probandum accommodatis uti possit in causis forensibus atque communibus. Hunc ego appello oratorem, eumque esse praeterea instructum voce et actione et lepore quodam volo,
Cic. de Or. 1, 49, 213:is orator erit, meā sententiā, hoc tam gravi dignus nomine, qui, quaecunque res inciderit, quae sit dictione explicanda, prudenter et composite et ornate et memoriter dicet cum quādam actionis etiam dignitate,
id. ib. 1, 15, 64; id. Or. 19, 61: spernitur orator bonus, horridus miles amatur, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10 (Ann. v. 273 Vahl.): additur orator Cornelius suaviloquenti Ore, id. ap. Cic. Brut. 15, 58 (Ann. v. 304 ib.):oratorem celeriter complexi sumus,
i. e. eloquence, id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5.—Esp.1.The orator, i. e. Cicero, Lact. 1, 9, 3.—2.Title of a treatise by Cicero:II.Orator,
Cic. Fam. 15, 20.—A speaker, spokesman of an errand or embassy:III.aequom'st eram oratores mittere ad me, donaque,
Plaut. Stich. 2, 1, 18; cf. id. Most. 5, 2, 21; id. Poen. 1, 2, 145.—Esp., an ambassador charged with an oral message: orator sine pace redit regique refert rem, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 41 Müll. (Ann. v. 211 Vahl.): Aetolos pacem velle de eā re oratores Romam profectos, Cato ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 182 Müll.: oratores populi, summi viri;Ambraciā veniunt huc legati puplice,
Plaut. Stich. 3, 2, 35:Veientes pacem petitum oratores Romam mittunt, Liv 1, 15: foederum, pacis, belli, induciarum oratores fetiales judicesve sunto,
Cic. Leg. 2, 9, 21:mittor et Iliacas audax orator ad arces,
Ov. M. 13, 196:centum oratores augusta ad moenia regis Ire jubet,
Verg. A. 7, 153; Cic. Brut. 14, 55.—One who prays or supplicates for any thing, an entreater, beseecher, suppliant (Plautin.), Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 145; so in the twofold signif. of ambassador and beseecher, id. Stich. 3, 2, 39. -
18 procella
prŏcella, ae, f [pro and root kel; Gr. kelês, runner; cf.: celer, celox], a violent wind (by which things are prostrated), a storm, hurricane, tempest (class.).I.Lit.:II.procella distat latitudine a vortice et a turbine disjectā nube verius quam ruptā,
Plin. 2, 49, 50, § 133:turbinis inmanem vim provomit atque procellae,
Lucr. 6, 447:imbres, nimbi, procellae, turbines,
Cic. N. D. 3, 20, 51; Plaut. Trin. 4, 1, 17:creber procellis Africus,
Verg. A. 1, 85:stridens Aquilone procella,
id. ib. 1, 102:si mugiat Africis Malus procellis,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 58; 2, 9, 3:praecipites,
Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 35:navis quassata procellā,
id. ib. 5, 5, 17:raperent mea poma procellae, id. Nux, 163: procella nivem effuderat,
Curt. 3, 13, 7:imbrem excusserant procellae,
id. 4, 7, 14:Thalle, turbidā rapacior procellā,
Cat. 25, 4.—With gen.:validi venti collecta procella,
Lucr. 6, 124.—Transf.A.(Mostly in plur.) A storm, tumult, violence, commotion, vehemence:B.tempestates et procellas in illis fluctibus concionum,
Cic. Mil. 2, 5 (also cited ap. Quint. 8, 6, 48, and particularly mentioned as a figure, id. 8, 6, 48, § 7):vita tranquilla et quieta remota a procellis invidiarum,
Cic. Clu. 56, 153:ut procellam temporis devitaret,
id. Verr. 1, 3, 8:patriae,
id. Dom. 53, 137:agitari tribuniciis procellis,
Liv. 2, 1; cf.:seditionum procellae,
id. 28, 25:procellae civiles,
civil commotions, Nep. Att. 10, 6; cf.:ferimur procellā,
Verg. A. 7, 594; Ov. M. 13, 656.—In milit. lang.1.A charge, onset, sudden attack of cavalry:2.hac velut procellā ita consternavit equos, ut, etc.,
Liv. 37, 41 fin.:equestrem procellam excitemus oportet,
id. 30, 18:equestris,
id. 29, 2; Tac. H. 3, 53.—In gen., of a fierce battle:3.hic secunda belli Punici procella desaevit,
Flor. 2, 6, 12; Luc. 8, 203.—Of a storm of eloquence:priusquam illam eloquentiae procellam effunderet (Ulixes),
Quint. 11, 3, 158:contionum,
id. 8, 6, 7. -
19 sapientia
săpĭentĭa, ae, f. [sapiens].I.(Acc. to sapiens, A.) Prop., good taste, i. e. good sense, discernment, discretion, prudence, intelligence (class.; syn. prudentia): pellitur e medio sapientia, vi geritur res, Enn. ap. Gell. 20, 10, 4 (Ann. v. 272 Vahl.):II.non aetate verum ingenio adipiscitur sapientia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 88; id. Mil. 4, 6, 36:fac participes nos tuae sapientiae,
id. Ep. 2, 2, 73; cf.:neque habet (erus meus) plus sapientiae quam lapis,
id. Mil. 2, 2, 81; id. Capt. 2, 3, 53; cf. id. ib. 2, 3, 50:sedulo Moneo, quae possum, pro meā sapientiā,
Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 73:quanta mea sapientia est,
Plaut. Stich. 1, 2, 62:erum anteëo sapientiā,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 1, 17:re enim iniquum est, sed tuā sapientiā fit aequissimum,
Cic. Deiot. 2, 4:numquam enim temeritas cum sapientiā commiscetur,
id. Marcell. 2, 7:quid virtus et quid sapientia possit, etc.,
Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 17:sapientia prima (est), stultitiā caruisse,
id. ib. 1, 1, 41; cf. id. A. P. 396:insaniens sapientia,
id. C. 1, 34, 2.—(Acc. to sapiens, B.) Wisdom, = sophia (so predominantly in the class. per., e. g. in Cic.): nec quisquam sophiam, sapientia quae perhibetur, In somnis vidit, etc., Enn. ap. Fest. p. 325 Müll. (Ann. v. 227 Vahl.); cf.: Sophiam vocant me Graii, vos Sapientiam, Afran. ap. Gell. 13, 8, 3; and: princeps omnium virtutum illa sapientia, quam sophian Graeci vocant, Cic. Off. 1, 43, 153:B.ad sapientiam hujus nimius nugator fuit,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 25:ita fit, ut mater omnium bonarum rerum sit sapientia, a cujus amore Graeco verbo philosophia nomen invenit,
Cic. Leg. 1, 22, 58:sapientia hominis custos,
id. Fin. 4, 1, 1; id. Lael. 2, 7; 6, 20; 9, 30:omnem spem salutis ad clementiam victoris et sapientiam contulisse,
id. Marcell. 6, 18:quorum vobis pro vestrā sapientiā, Quirites, habenda est ratio diligenter,
id. Imp. Pomp. 7, 17:sapientiae vocem audire,
id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:studia sapientiae,
Tac. A. 14, 56:doctores sapientiae,
philosophers, id. ib. 14, 16. —With gen.:admirari soleo cum ceterarum rerum tuam excellentem, M. Cato, perfectamque sapientiam tum, etc.,
in other things, Cic. Sen. 2, 4.—In plur., sarcastically: qui (sapientes) si virtutes ebullire volent et sapientias, nihil aliud dicent, nisi, etc. (the plur. denoting their perpetual speaking of wisdom), a saying referred to Epicurus, Cic. Tusc. 3, 18, 42.—In partic., of single departments of knowledge, science, or wisdom, practical wisdom, knowledge of the world, philosophy, Lucr. 5, 10:sapientia est, ut a veteribus philosophis definitum est, rerum divinarum et humanarum causarumque, quibus eae res continentur, scientia,
Cic. Off. 2, 2, 5:sapientia, quae ars vivendi putanda est,
id. Fin. 1, 13, 42 (for which:ars est philosophia vitae,
id. ib. 3, 2, 4).—Of jurisprudence:istam oscitantem sapientiam Scaevolarum et ceterorum beatorum otio concedamus,
Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144; cf.:his temporibus audaciā pro sapientiā liceat uti,
id. Fam. 1, 10 init. —Of eloquence: hanc cogitandi pronunciandique rationem vimque dicendi veteres Graeci sapientiam nominabant, Cic. de Or. 3, 15, 56.—Of statesmanship, policy:sapientia constituendae civitatis,
Cic. de Or. 2, 37, 154; cf.:qui propter ancipitem, quae non potest esse sejuncta, faciendi dicendique sapientiam florerent,
id. ib. 3, 16, 59. —Of mathematics:sapientiae professor,
Suet. Tib. 14.
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eloquence — /ˈɛləkwəns/ (say eluhkwuhns) noun 1. the action, practice, or art of using language with fluency, power, and aptness. 2. eloquent language or discourse: a flow of eloquence …
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eloquence — el•o•quence [[t]ˈɛl ə kwəns[/t]] n. 1) the ability to use language with fluency and aptness 2) eloquent speech or writing • Etymology: 1350–1400; < L … From formal English to slang
